Located in the heart of Myanmar, Bagan is one of Asia’s most mesmerizing travel destinations — a land of ancient temples, golden pagodas, and endless sunsets. Once the capital of the Pagan Kingdom, Bagan boasts over 2,000 temples scattered across its vast plains, offering a glimpse into Myanmar’s glorious past. Whether you’re a history lover, a spiritual traveler, or a photographer chasing golden light, Bagan promises a journey filled with awe and serenity.
Here are the top 10 places in Bagan that deserve a spot on your travel list.
1. Ananda Temple
Among Bagan’s countless temples, Ananda Temple stands out as one of the most elegant and best-preserved. Built in 1105 AD, it’s often called the “Westminster Abbey of Myanmar.” The temple features a beautiful combination of Mon and Indian architectural styles, with four grand standing Buddha statues facing each cardinal direction.
Its whitewashed exterior and gilded top shine brilliantly under the sun, while inside, you’ll find intricate carvings that narrate stories of the Buddha’s life. Visit in the early morning or late afternoon when the temple glows softly in the golden light.
2. Shwesandaw Pagoda
Once a popular spot for watching Bagan’s spectacular sunsets, Shwesandaw Pagoda is among the tallest structures in the area. Built by King Anawrahta in the 11th century, it was originally constructed to enshrine a sacred hair relic of the Buddha.
Although climbing is now restricted to protect the ancient structure, the pagoda still offers a remarkable sight, especially when viewed from the surrounding plains. At sunrise or sunset, its silhouette becomes a magical part of Bagan’s skyline.
3. Dhammayangyi Temple
The largest and most mysterious temple in Bagan, Dhammayangyi Temple is often compared to Egypt’s pyramids due to its massive brick structure. Built by King Narathu, the temple’s construction is surrounded by dark legends, adding to its mystique.
The bricks are said to be so tightly laid that even a needle can’t fit between them — a testament to ancient Burmese craftsmanship. Though partially incomplete, Dhammayangyi’s grandeur and haunting atmosphere make it a must-see for history enthusiasts.
4. Thatbyinnyu Temple
Rising majestically over Bagan’s plains, Thatbyinnyu Temple is the tallest temple in the area, symbolizing the omniscience of Buddha. Built in the mid-12th century, its name translates to “Omniscient,” and its two-tiered design reflects the early architectural evolution of Bagan’s temples.
You can admire its intricate stucco details and massive structure from afar, as it dominates the surrounding landscape. Nearby, you’ll find smaller shrines and monasteries worth exploring for their beautiful murals and statues.
5. Sulamani Temple
Known for its exquisite brickwork and detailed frescoes, Sulamani Temple is one of Bagan’s most admired architectural wonders. It was built by King Narapatisithu in 1183 and showcases the perfect balance of form, proportion, and artistry.
The temple’s interior walls are adorned with faded yet fascinating murals depicting scenes from the Jataka tales — stories of the Buddha’s previous lives. If you love photography, visit during the golden hour to capture the temple glowing under the warm sunlight.
6. Htilominlo Temple
Htilominlo Temple is another gem that shouldn’t be missed. Built in the early 13th century, it’s known for its intricate plaster carvings and detailed brick ornamentation. Legend has it that this temple was built on the spot where King Htilominlo was chosen as heir to the throne, after a white umbrella leaned toward him among his brothers. The temple is still active today, and its peaceful ambiance makes it a perfect place for quiet reflection and spiritual connection.
7. Shwezigon Pagoda
One of the most sacred and revered sites in Myanmar, Shwezigon Pagoda served as a prototype for many later stupas, including Yangon’s famous Shwedagon. It was built during King Anawrahta’s reign and completed by his successor, King Kyanzittha.
The pagoda’s massive golden stupa gleams under the sun, surrounded by smaller shrines and prayer halls. Shwezigon remains an active place of worship, especially during Buddhist festivals when devotees gather with candles and offerings, creating a truly spiritual atmosphere.
8. Bu Paya Pagoda
Located along the Irrawaddy River, Bu Paya Pagoda offers a peaceful riverside experience with breathtaking sunset views. Its name means “gourd-shaped pagoda,” referencing its bulbous design. Although the original structure was destroyed in an earthquake, it has been reconstructed and continues to attract both pilgrims and travelers. Watching the sun set over the river, with golden hues reflecting off the pagoda, is one of the most serene experiences in Bagan.
9. Gubyaukgyi Temple (Myinkaba)
For art and history lovers, Gubyaukgyi Temple in Myinkaba village is a hidden treasure. Built in the early 12th century, it’s renowned for its well-preserved frescoes depicting Jataka tales and detailed inscriptions in the ancient Mon language. Photography inside is restricted to preserve the artwork, but the intricate murals make a deep impression. The temple’s ancient atmosphere, combined with the nearby local village, offers a beautiful glimpse into traditional Burmese life and artistry.
10. Bagan Viewing Tower (Nan Myint Tower)
For a panoramic view of the entire Bagan plain, head to the Bagan Viewing Tower, also known as Nan Myint Tower. While many travelers prefer watching the sunrise from temple areas, the tower provides a unique, unobstructed view of the temple-dotted landscape.
From the top, you can see hundreds of pagodas rising from the mist, creating a breathtaking scene that captures the soul of Bagan. It’s also one of the few modern structures built to complement the ancient city’s aesthetic without disrupting its historic charm.
Bonus: Hot Air Balloon Ride Over Bagan
No trip to Bagan is complete without a hot air balloon ride. Floating gently over the temple-studded plains as the first rays of sunlight touch the ancient pagodas is an experience you’ll never forget. The ride offers an unmatched perspective of the landscape — a tapestry of temples, villages, and the shimmering Irrawaddy River. Though it’s a bit of a splurge, it’s absolutely worth it for the memories and photos alone.
Best Time to Visit Bagan
The best time to visit Bagan is between November and February, when the weather is cool and pleasant. This period also coincides with Myanmar’s festival season, adding a cultural touch to your trip. Avoid the monsoon months (June to September) as the area can get muddy and less accessible.
Travel Tips for Visiting Bagan
Explore by E-bike: Renting an e-bike is the most convenient and eco-friendly way to explore Bagan’s temples. It gives you the flexibility to stop at hidden temples and scenic spots.
Dress Modestly: As most temples are active religious sites, wear modest clothing and remove your shoes before entering.
Sun Protection: The sun in Bagan can be intense, so bring sunscreen, hats, and plenty of water.
Respect Local Customs: Always show respect when taking photos of monks or local people — ask permission first.
Stay for Sunset: Bagan’s sunsets are world-famous. Find a quiet spot to watch the sun dip behind the ancient temples — it’s pure magic.
Conclusion
Bagan is not just a destination; it’s a living museum of spirituality, history, and art. Every pagoda tells a story of devotion and architectural brilliance. Whether you’re admiring the golden stupa of Shwezigon, walking among the silent ruins of Dhammayangyi, or soaring above the plains in a balloon, Bagan will capture your heart with its timeless beauty.
Exploring these top 10 places in Bagan offers a perfect balance of culture, serenity, and adventure. It’s a journey that transports you to a different era — one filled with mysticism, golden light, and the whispers of an ancient civilization that continues to inspire travelers from around the world.
